Valentin Senft, Terry Stewart, Trevor Bekolay, Chris Eliasmith, and Bernd J. Kröger. Reduction of dopamine in basal ganglia and its effects on syllable sequencing in speech: a computer simulation study. Basal Ganglia, pages -, 2015. URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2210533615300265, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.baga.2015.10.003.
@article{Senft2015,
Abstract = {Abstract Background: Reduction of dopamine in basal ganglia is a common cause of Parkinson's Disease (PD). If dopamine-producing cells die in the substantia nigra, as seen in PD, a typical symptom is freezing of articulatory movements during speech production. Goal: It is the goal of this study to simulate syllable sequencing tasks by computer modelling of the cortico-basal ganglia-thalamus-cortical action selection loop using different levels of dopamine in order to investigate the freezing effect in more detail. Method: This simulation was done using the Neural Engineering Object (Nengo) software tool. In the simulation, two dopamine level parameters (lg and le), representing the effect of \{D1\} and \{D2\} receptors, and therefore the level of dopamine in striatum respectively, can be differentiated and modified. Results: By a decrease of the dopamine level parameters lg and le to 50\% we replicated a freezing effect after less than 5 syllable productions. Furthermore freezing of action selection in speech was greater for dopamine level reduction in \{D1\} than \{D2\} receptors. Conclusions: In this study using a neuro-functional brain model, the speech freezing effect results from simulating a reduction of dopamine level in striatum. },
Author = {Valentin Senft and Terry Stewart and Trevor Bekolay and Chris Eliasmith and Bernd J. Kr\"oger},
Doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.baga.2015.10.003},
Issn = {2210-5336},
Journal = {Basal Ganglia},
Keywords = {Freezing of speech movements},
Pages = {-},
Title = {Reduction of dopamine in basal ganglia and its effects on syllable sequencing in speech: A computer simulation study},
Url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2210533615300265},
Year = {2015},
Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2210533615300265},
Bdsk-Url-2 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.baga.2015.10.003},
pdf = {http://compneuro.uwaterloo.ca/files/publications/senft.2015.pdf}
}