Here are links to a bunch of papers that propose models of vision. Some are neurally inspired, others are not.

Poggio's HMAX: http://riesenhuberlab.neuro.georgetown.edu/hmax.html

Serre's network : http://web.mit.edu/serre/www/Publications.htm

Yann LeCun's CNN: http://yann.lecun.com/exdb/publis/index.html#lecun-98 (no. 86)

AAM (classical paper): http://personalpages.manchester.ac.uk/staff/timothy.f.cootes/

AAM Fitting: http://www.ri.cmu.edu/projects/project_448.html

SIFT: http://www.cs.ubc.ca/~lowe/keypoints/

Viola and Jones: http://www.stat.uchicago.edu/~amit/19CRS/DEA/cascade_face_detection.pdf